Environment is the surrounding of organism. The environment consisted of various components such as air, water, land, etc. These components that are found in a fixed proportions, created a harmonious balance in the environment for organism to live in. Environmental issue is the harmful effects organism activities on the environment. This is an issue that trouble economically, physically, and socially.
The environmental condition in third-world countries is very poor compared to the developed nations. Low-income levels, high costs of improvement, political factors undermining efficient lawmaking, and market failures all explain the prevalence of pollution in developing countries.
Most of the developing countries income for their people is usually low. At that moment, people could only think about how to put food on the table. Meaning most of their income goes to immediate consumption need, because the benefits of higher consumption are large and immediate when you have next to nothing.
There are also not sufficient laws in the countries that address the issue of pollution and other environmental problems. The investment to improve the country’s environment is massive. That’s why creating environmental legislation would be disastrous to the economies of developing countries. The developed countries take advantage of this reason that they send some of their sub-national corporation to the developing countries. Because of how cheap the land in developing country is. Their corporation affect the developing countries by emitting hazardous emission. They also dump their hazardous waste and garbage to the developing country, sometime there would be dangerous chemical mixed in it. Because of that the environment of the developing countries will continue to deteriorate. The developing countries could not afford to lose the companies from foreign investors as it would jeopardize the livelihoods of the countries’ citizens who are working hard to make a living. There is also the lawmakers who don’t place the needs of their constituents ahead of their own could also cause problems in developing countries.
The types of market failures often seen in developing countries, such as weak property rights and poor access to credit, also distort the costs of improvements to environmental quality. For example, if a family or business cannot take out a loan, then they may not be able to make promising investments in environmental quality that would pay off in the future. Similarly, weak property rights give owners less incentive to make long-run investments like planting trees or installing energy saving technologies because they are uncertain that they will retain the benefits from the investments.
Countries in the Africa, Latin America, Asia, and Eastern Europe is a major victims of these environmental inequalities. In addition, the undeveloped countries in these regions also suffer from the fact that they have abject poverty, unstable government, war and this means that the rights and health of human beings are subjected to very low standards. Some of the major environmental problems in these countries include deforestation, water pollution, Air pollution, soil erosion, and desertification.
Environmental Issue
Human actions have an impact on the Environment, both directly and indirectly. As a result, there is a symbiotic link between a creature and its surroundings. There’s some major Issues Environment Issues which our Environment is facing nowadays:
- Global Warming
Global Warming is often considered an effect of Climate change. Global Warming is the rapid increase in the temperature of the Earth’s environment that is causing many life-threatening issues to arise. Global warming has an effect on rising of the World Ocean level and the melting of Arctic ice. According to specialists, coastal countries and certain islands could be overwhelmed by water over several decades.
- Ozone Layer Depletion
The ozone layer is the common term for the high concentration of ozone that is found in the stratosphere around 15–30km above the earth’s surface. It covers the entire planet and protects life on earth by absorbing harmful ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation from the sun. Increased Ozone hole numbers result in more intense solar radiation and a rise in skin cancer.
- Deforestation
Deforestation or forest clearance is the removal of a forest or stand of trees from land that is then converted to non-forest use. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to farms, ranches, or urban use. Forests are being cut down to meet rising demand. During the summer, natural wildfires are common. To maximize profit, people take down trees in an unethical manner.
- Climate Change
Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. These shifts may be natural, such as through variations in the solar cycle. But since the 1800s, human activities have been the main driver of climate change, primarily due to burning fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas. Climate change has resulted in disastrous hurricanes, floods, and droughts. In recent years, many countries have been hit by a slew of natural disasters.
- Pollution
Pollution is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment. These harmful materials are called pollutants. Pollutants can be natural, such as volcanic ash. They can also be created by human activity, such as trash or runoff produced by factories. Pollutants damage the quality of air, water, and land. Polluted Environments can cause a variety of illnesses. Many species of flora and wildlife that are important to flora are threatened with extinction.
With the current environmentalism movement which is being felt all over the world, the developed countries although they seem to not to benefit very from this they have several benefits as well. One of the benefits a country like Canada has to reap from the modern environmental movement is that the environment of the country can improve very much. Even though some of its companies will have to work in the country and there will be reduced dumping on the developing countries, if the country adopts the right environmental policies, the environmental degradation will cease. This can be attributed to the fact that the country has all the technological and the education basis to counter the looming environmental problems that could be felt by the country.
By: Arifa’i Arsyad Hartono
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